Baker College Corporate Services Essay Example for Free

Pastry specialist College Corporate Services Essay Franklin Delano Roosevelt was one of Americas most noteworthy Leaders. His achievements are talked about in this paper in an anecdotal way, just as different Authors sentiments about them, including my humble self’s. This paper gives a case of a forward looking, magnetic pioneer. The entire populace of this incredible nation is profiting by his achievements, and will keep on doing as such for ages, with just slight changes for innovation and culture. Franklin Delano Roosevelt An Example to Remember When someone requests to pick a most loved pioneer, some of the incredible ones fly into mind, similar to Christopher Columbus, George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Douglas McArthur, Franklin Delano Roosevelt among others. It is an intense decision. They were all extraordinary. Franklin Delano Roosevelt had such a significant number of extraordinary achievements during his life time; the best way to list and talk about them would be in the true to life way the Author picked. The explanation the writer decided to expound on Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the likeness of todays economy that he looked at the hour of his first term in the workplace just as our present president chooses decision for utilize a portion of his methodologies to address the current situation with our economy. Confronted with World War II, Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR), guided America through one of its most noteworthy residential emergency, His administration, which spread over twelve years, was unrivaled, long as well as in scope. FDR got down to business with the nation buried in a horrendous and crippling financial downturn which not just sapped its material riches and otherworldly quality, however cast a cover over its future, much the same as what we are confronting today. Roosevelts blend of certainty, good faith, and political smart, all of which met up in the exploratory financial and social projects of the New Deal achieved the beginnings of a national recuperation (Baliles, 2005, p. 1). FDR likewise dedicated the United States to the annihilation of Germany, Japan, and Italy, and drove the country and its partners to the edge of triumph. This triumph drastically adjusted Americas relationship with the world, placing the United States into a place of universal force, just as political and good administration. By ideals of its freshly discovered political and monetary force, the United States would assume a main job in molding the rest of the twentieth century. Inside the United States Franklin Roosevelt mixed a residential political upset on a few fronts. FDR and the Democratic Party manufactured a force base which conveyed the gathering to discretionary and ideological, predominance until the late 1960s (Baliles, 2005, p. 1) . FDRs strategies, particularly those including the New Deal, re-imagined and fortify both the nation just as the American administration, growing its political, authoritative, and protected forces of the workplace (Baliles, 2005). FDR was conceived in Hyde Park, New York, in 1882, to James and Sara Roosevelt. His folks were wealthy, if not well off by New York High society norms. While growing up, they had the option to give a progression of caretakers, and at age 14 send him to a renowned life experience school in Massachusetts. He went on to Harvard College, where he invested a large portion of his energy at the school paper, where he announced himself a Democrat. While at Harvard, he developed near his cousin Theodor Roosevelt, who was climbing the political stepping stool in the Democratic Party, and started pursuing his far off cousin, Elanor Roosevelt. Despite the fact that FDR began going to graduate school at Columbia right now, he had little intrigue and dropped out following one year. Elanor and FDR were hitched in New York City in 1905. He had six kids: Anna Elanor, brought into the world 1906; James, brought into the world 1907; Franklin Jr. , brought into the world 1909 and kicked the bucket that year in November; Elliott, brought into the world 1910; Franklin Jr. , brought into the world 1914 and John Aspinwall, brought into the world 1916 (Coker, 2005). In 1910 FDR ran and got chose for the New York Senate and was reappointed in 1912. After one year he started his residency as right hand secretary of the Navy under the Wilson organization at 31 years old, assisting with setting up the nation for section into the universal war. He moved his family to Washington consequently. WWI kept going from April1917 until November 1918. Over and over, he was liable to ribbing by everyone around him similar to a young man. By the by, in trademark Roosevelt style, he was steadfast by his absence of experience and dove into the activity with excitement and certainty (Coker, 2005, pg. 28). Truly, he did such an extraordinary activity, that in 1920 the Democratic Party named him the bad habit presidential applicant on James Coxs ticket. They lost the political decision in November of that year. Roosevelt’s most huge obligation in the Navy Department had to do with work dealings with barrier contractual workers. His essential objective around there was to support positive relations between laborers, industry pioneers, and the military. In this limit he picked up gratefulness for work issues and figured out how to deal with in some cases rough work debates (Coker, 2005). â€Å"FDR demonstrated to have the extraordinary capacity to shuffle different regulatory and political duties. Some portion of the explanation he had the option to do such a large number of things all the while was that he demanded carrying the vital Louis Howe to Washington with him to fill in as his own secretary. Howe appeared to be wherever without a moment's delay, helping Roosevelt in all issues planning arrangements, assisting with administrative work, and in any event, helping Roosevelt watch out for, and a deliver, New York governmental issues. † (Coker, 2005, pg. 31) In1921 FDR contracted polio, a serious infection that left his legs deadened. By contributing an impressive piece of his fortune in remodeling a spa in Warm Springs, Georgia, whose remedial waters, along with demanding active recuperation and the help of his better half, kids and close comrades, was he ready to recover some utilization of his legs. By 1928 with the determined assistance of his significant other, Howe and another individual secretary, Marguerite (Missy) LeHand, FDR was obviously adequately recuperated to continue his political desire to run and win the governorship of New York. The following year FDR needed to adapt to the financial exchange crash in October. The financial exchange was quite unpredictable during the 1920s. With no guideline, Americans and speculators purchased stock using a credit card. Constantly 50% of 1929 the economy eased back as a result of increasing joblessness and high financing costs. At the point when everyone began selling stock and found no purchasers, the market plunged. October 24th (Black Thursday) and October 29th ( Black Tuesday) were two days that denoted the start of the downturn, despite the fact that by all account not the only motivation. Simultaneously, ranchers were exploiting new advancements, which caused overproduction. The Stock market crash, alongside abroad rivalry, and urban territories without the pay to purchase agrarian items, made those costs crash moreover. In view of the thriving in the 1920 over 80% of Americans held no reserve funds at all and the rich quit purchasing. As a result of every one of these components, 5000 banks crumbled, one of every four homesteads went into abandonment and 100,000 employments disappeared every week. By 1932 one fourth of this countrys individuals in were jobless (Baliles, 2005). FDR executed various imaginative alleviation and recuperation activities: joblessness protection, benefits for, as far as possible on work hours, and gigantic open works ventures. These projects named him as a liberal reformer and won him re-appointment as senator in 1930. Note that FDR as Governor encircle himself with best personalities that worked with him in the State Senate, just as certain individuals from Al Smiths previous gubernatorial organization, to take care of his States issues. Simultaneously he had Louise Howe, as his central battle tactician and the leader of the state Democratic Party, James Farley laying the basis for a presidential crusade (Coker, 2005). In the hold of the extraordinary misery, the Democrats went to FDR in the political race period of 1932 to run for President. He was a well known and effective senator for two terms, with an unmistakable last name, that could challenge President Hoover. He won the administration in an avalanche, promising the American People a â€Å"New Deal†. Voters stretched out FDR endorsement to the two places of congress, giving the democrats larger part, which would demonstrate indispensable in FDRs first year in office. In his debut address, FDR guaranteed the troubled Americans trust by disclosing to them that they had â€Å"nothing to fear however fear itself (Baliles, 2005). † True to his character, FDR encircle himself with a gathering of counsels nicknamed the cerebrum trust. This cerebrum trust included previous progressives, liberal-disapproved of educators and brilliant youthful legal counselors. One of the characteristics FDR is steady on is the capacity to perceive when master help is required, and afterward encircle himself with it (Dubrin, 2004). A variety of crisis measures proposed by FDR, and passed by Congress reflected three essential objectives: modern recuperation through business-government collaboration and siphon preparing bureaucratic spending; agrarian recuperation through yield decrease; and momentary crisis help circulated through state and nearby offices whenever the situation allows, yet legitimately by the government if vital. ( Boyer, P. et. al. (2008). pg. 734) Between March and June 1933, a period marked Hundred Days, Congress established in excess of twelve key measures ( Boyer, P. et. al. (2008). pg. 736). These measures were totally coordinated to illuminate each part of the downturn, including managing the securities exchange. Since such a significant number of individuals had been jobless for quite a while, the assistance didn't come quick enough. By 1934 the solidarity soul of the hundred days was blurring, industry was abrading under expanding National Recovery Administration (NRA) guidelines. Indeed, even Nature se

The Use of Web Bugs at Home Connection Case Study

The Use of Web Bugs at Home Connection - Case Study Example The web bugs have been set on the PCs of the endorsers of HomeConnection to assemble results about a continuous advancement. This has anyway been managed without neither educating nor acquiring the assent of the supporters (Josang, Maseng and Knapskog, 2009). The endorsers reserve an option to quit the company’s course of action since it encroaches on their privileges by unveiling their exercises (Spinello, 2002). They likewise reserve the option to reject the web bug establishment into their pages since it could wind up unveiling data to gatecrashers. The web has a ton of hoodlums who are out to procure essential individual data to take funds and performing different questionable exercises (Chander, Gelman and Radin, 2008). The organization ought to have stepped up of educating the supporters concerning their situation of the web bugs on their sites. These activities would have kept the organization from getting the grumblings and dangers of withdrawal they had encountered af ter their clients got information concerning their exercises and data being checked (Spinello, 2002). The supporters have moreover not been limited by any type of understanding that permits the organization to interfere into their own data and along these lines have the freedom of quitting this game plan (Josang, Maseng and Knapskog, 2009).3Should an individual showing the promotions consent to the web bug he should put an announcement on their site demonstrating that people tapping on the advertisement.

Red Sorghum Directed by the Zhang Yimou Movie Review

Red Sorghum Directed by the Zhang Yimou Movie Review Red Sorghum Directed by the Zhang Yimou â€" Movie Review Example > The paper “ Red Sorghum Directed by the Zhang Yimou”   is a dramatic variant of a movie review on film studies. Red sorghum is a movie that was directed by the Zhang Yimou and it addresses the social, political and economic history of the Chinese People. The red sorghum was set in the early 1920s and 1930s in a Shandong province which is the northern region of China. The movie is a storyline narrated through an omniscient narrator by a grandson of the main character and grandmother Jiu’ er (Gong Li) or only Nine. The movie starts when Jiu’ er is being prepared to be taken to her new husband who is an old winemaker. The winemaker who is also infected with leprosy has given Jiu’ ler’ s father a new mule in exchange for the bride. Jiu’ er has no option rather than accepting the offer and she feels neglected because she is getting married off to the old man. Li Datou is the owner of the wine press and he is a capitalist who does not share what he gets with the workers e qually. The movie depicts him as a representative of capitalists since his ideologies and principles match the capitalist regime (Yimou). Among the men who were hired to carry Jiu’ er was Yu Jiang Wen who later turns out to be the grandfather of the narrator. He leads the rest of the muscular and shirtless men in a song that only scares and irritates Jiu’ er since she is not willing to marry the old man, and worst of all a man with leprosy. Jiu’ ler sobs and feigns sickness and this forces them to stop and that is when the bandits came in and waylaid them. They try to rob Jiu’ er and rape her, but the young men accompanied by Yu overpower them. After Jiu’ er arrives at the winery and lives for some time Yu comes in the winery wearing the bandit mask and she abducts her when she was coming from her parent’ s home. The scene is characterized by intimations of rape though Jiu’ er does not show any signs of resistance or unwillingness. They proceed to engage in sexual intercourse and that marked the point of conception of the narrator’ s father (Yimou). In as much Jiu’ er was forced into marriage and severally carried by men as a potato sack, she is not just a simple victim and she is a headstrong character who confronts issues. At one point, she is portrayed as headstrong when she condemned his father after learning that he had sold her to the old for just a new mule. Later, Li Datong â€" the wine press owner is murdered under mysterious circumstances and Jiu’ er manages to take over the winepress. Contrary to the dictatorial leadership of Li Datong, Jiu’ er learns it collectively with other workers as equal partners and businesses go well. The leadership of Jiu’ er puts the Red Sorghum solidly under the good footing of the communist ideology having overthrown the evil capitalism castigated by Li Datong. After some time, Yu drunkenly returns to Jiu’ er and proclaims himself as the new husband though at first, she throws him out. Later he claims his prize after he urinates at the wine vats the fact that improves the flav or of the wine. Through the performance, he wins the favor from Jiu’ er and they develop a very intimate relationship (Hui 44).

Study of Psychology - Understanding Mental Images,...

Task B How can memory be improved by use of mental images, concepts and schemas (which help organise thinking)? Within this essay I am going to try and explain the defining roles of mental images, concepts and schemas. These processes are the ways in which our minds interpret information in order for us to understand, use and convey in our everyday life to aid and organise our way of thinking. The role of a mental image is to provide our memory with an almost visual aide to prompt our thoughts, to create a snapshot of information. This snapshot of information is better absorbed as pictures or images rather than words. With a mental image we tend to place it in a more familiar area or situation that we know. The stranger the images†¦show more content†¦Loftus researched and investigated something called the leading question. She showed a group a clip of a car crash. She asked the group to guess what speed the cars were at when the crash took place. Some of the group were asked what speed the cars were doing when they ‘hit’? While the remaining part of the group were asked what speed the cars were going when they ‘crashed’? The group that were asked about the ‘hit’ averaged an estimate of 34mph, where as the group that were asked about the crash averaged an estimate of 41mph. Therefore a slight change in the details caused a slight change in the answer, so from the effect of the leading question the element of remembering is clouded with regards to an eye witness schema recall. So to sum up how our memory can be improved by the use of mental images, concepts and schemas. Without the small cues or prompts we would be unable to process everyday information, as there would not be any thoughts or words therefore leading to much less communication and language. This would make any form of communication or interaction with others impossible. References 1.1 Starting with psychology course manual, Chapter 3.2 page 45 - Study performed by Michael Raugh amp; Richard Atkinson (1975). 1.2 Starting with psychology course manual, Chapter 3.2 page 53 - Experiment carried out by Weston BousfieldShow MoreRelatedHow Can the Use of Mental Images, Concepts and Schemas to Organise Our Thinking Help Us to Improve Our Memory?1740 Words   |  7 PagesHow can the use of mental images, concepts and schemas to organise thinking help us to improve our memory? Cognitive psychology is primarily concerned with the study of subjective internal mental states. However, the subjective nature of cognitive activities such as thinking, memory, learning, perception, and language make it difficult to directly and empirically test these mental processes. Cognitive psychology therefore relies on a fundamental assumption of reductionism, where the dynamic andRead MoreY183 Tma011122 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ways we organise our thinking is by using mental images. By forming a mental image, we are thinking about something by constructing a mental picture of it in our mind. There are various ways of constructing mental images which can lead to better recall when trying to remember things. The mental image will give us a cue when we come to recalling the information. We will have spent time and effort studying the information previously and formed an image which we will have fixed in our memory. ThisRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1289 Wo rds   |  6 Pagesdevelopment psychologist by the name of Jean Piaget. One of his prized declaration was in 1934, where he declared that education is capable of saving our society from collapsing whether its violent or gradual. Piaget had a key effect on education and psychology, and because of that effect he made many contributions to learning and to cognition. One of most important contribution was a model that was made by Piaget. 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Watson, which grew to be a dominant strand of psychology in the middle decades of the twentieth century. Watson argued that observing behaviour rather than internal processes gives an insightful and more accurate understanding of learning. Behaviourism is based on the belief that the way in which we learn to behave is a result of the way we are conditioned by our surroundings or the environment in which we interactRead MoreDevelopmental Theory Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment. Thirdly the main weaknesses of the cognitive theory and why, and look at whether any studies/theories support or refute Piaget’s theory and if they are credible to apply to real life. Finally determining whether Piaget’s theory is applicable, and if it’s a strong theory overall. Jean Piaget who was born in Switzerland in 1896 developed the cognitive theory which can be understood as the study of knowledge. This theory can also be described as ‘A comprehensive theory about the nature andRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive And Affective Development1693 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Theory of Jean Piaget Timothy Carlton Southwest Tennessee Community College A Paper Presented In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Life Span Psychology 2130-L01 July 31, 2014 â€Æ' â€Æ' Abstract Jean Piaget’s theory of Cognitive and Affective Development is a result of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding mental processes and the behaviors presented by those processes. Piaget’s theory encompasses development through four levels of cognition to formal operations. It furtherRead MoreCognitive psychology  . Essay5542 Words   |  23 PagesCognitive psychology  is the study of  mental processes. The  American Psychological Association  defines cognitive psychology as The study of higher mental processes such as  attention, language use,  memory,  perception, problem solving, and  thinking.[1]  Much of the work derived from cognitive psychology has been integrated into various other modern disciplines of psychological study including  social psychology,  personality psychology,  abnormal psychology,  developmental psychology, and  educational psychology

Comparing Empires (Persia vs Rome) - 2346 Words

Jacob Anderson World Civ I Empires Persia Rome The foundations of an ancient empire are shaped by many characteristics originating in a civilization’s social, philosophical, and theological values. Collectively these will bring about an empire that has aspects which will classify them in distinctive ways. The aspects that will be compared between Persia and Rome are the motives for expansion, methods of expansion, the administration, the impact on those conquered and the original empire, and the reasons for the decline of each empire. When combined, these aspects predispose the individual overall shape of ancient Rome and Persia. Both empires began with conquering larger rulers and creating vast empires which had never been seen†¦show more content†¦Having the satraps lessened the attempt of independence as well as having an administration made up of locals helped keep revolts down. The impact of expansion on the core Persian Empire was generally looked at and received in a positive manner. Increasing popula tions created more cities and more job opportunities allowed many Persians the luxury of making more money as the empire grew. The bulk of the empire was still mostly farmers, however. One of the largest influences on the core empire was Zoroastrianism. This was advocated by both Cyrus and Darius, Darius used it in order to claim divine right to kingship. This new religion spread very quickly through high-ranking Persians (Bentley and Ziegler, 174). Zoroastrianism preached for people to enjoy this life but to live well for the afterlife (Stearns, Zoroastrianism: The Major Persian Religion, 43-45). This allowed people to have fun in this life and still be able to have eternal bliss; when people are having fun and happy they are less likely to challenge their rulers. Cyrus and Darius both tolerated ethnic and theological diversity. They did not try to force Persian culture on the conquered people. It seemed as though the Persians just wanted to have the right to tax and have contr ol of the land and its riches. The Seleucids, Parthians, and Sasanids also advocated this policy. Although this policy worked quite well in allowing for fluid execution of ruling,Show MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesEuropean astronomical tables until the 16th century. It is symptomatic of the Arab influence on the European astrological revival that this Arabic text should enter Europe through Spain, once occupied by the Moors, rather than through the Byzantine Empire, geographically far closer to Harran and Hermopolis. The book was never printed in any language until the present century. An Arabic text was published by Ritter in Berlin in 1933. A German text was published by Ritter and Plessner in London in 1962Read MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pages Training in International Management The Impact of Overall Management Philosophy on Training The Impact of Different Learning Styles on Training and Development Reasons for Training 520 522 523 524 Types of Training Programs Standardized vs. Tailor-Made Cultural Assimilators Positive Organizational Behavior 526 526 529 530 xxvi Table of Contents Future Trends The World of International Management—Revisited Summary of Key Points Key Terms Review and Discussion Questions Internet

Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Free Essays

Khrushchev was a self-made man, even with his unfortunate and harsh upbringing he still managed to make a name for himself. He became one of the most powerful and influential leaders In Russia, simultaneously holding the offices of Premier of the U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Nikita Khrushchev Nikita or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. R. And First Secretary of the Communist Party. Strong willed, and committed, Nikkei Khrushchev fought for what he believed in and striver to make his country, Russia, a better place. Nikolas Khrushchev was born In a southern Russian village of Slovakia on April 5th 1894 . He was born into a poor family as a result he had to help his father take care of the family at the tender age of fifteen . Ata young age he learned how to work hard and fend for himself, which is one of the reason he was such a strong leader, people could relate to him more than the upper and middle class politicians. He was then drafted Into the Czarist army during World War I and soon after willingly Joined the communist party and the Russian Red army stood against the white army , people who favored the Czar Nobility. He got the education he needed as an adult so he could be appointed secretary of the communist party Committee. As he rose to power, he never used it to manipulate or harm his people unlike his successor Joseph Stalin. He believed his only Job, as a leader was to make his people happy and restore the lost honor of Russia. He wanted Russia to be Just as advanced as Its rival country; united States. He launched programs to promote agriculture, heavy Industrial and military production. HIS plan for agriculture had a huge Impact n soviet life, since new tractors and machinery were to be built it created more jobs, which boosted the Russian economy. It also increased the amount of crops produced during harvest; by almost triple the amount of crops . One of his main policies was peaceful coexistence; it assumes a readiness to solve all outstanding issues without resorting to force by means of negotiation and reasonable compromises. For example, he openly did not agree with capitalist but he still believed underlying Issues could be worked out without war. He didn’t believe In forcing his Ideas on people and that people should believe what they wanted to without being penalized, it was almost like a democracy. Although he did many good things for his country, many historians disagree that Nikkei benefited Russia (Soviet Union) at all. In Fact some wonder if events such as the Berlin Scrolls would have happened If someone else ruled the Soviet union. The Berlin Mà ªlà ©es crisis was a huge misunderstanding. All countries were taking precautions. The U. S installed several missiles sites all over Europe and one appended to be in range to strike Moscow, the Capital of the Soviet union. As a precaution the soviets put missiles in Cuba that could strike almost any portion of the U. S . Any leader would have reacted this way but his funding of the missile development at the expense of naval and regular forces had alienated the military. They say he failed to revive soviet agriculture because the steps taken to achieve his peace, he should have known that the capitalists would not succumb to his policies without a little force. In order for his policies to succeed he would need the full or charity support of his people. In contrast I don’t think he failed, the agriculture industry boomed, and the economy skyrocketed because he created more Jobs. He also made his country more technologically advanced than any other ruler could. For example, tractors, missiles etcetera. Even though historians say he cause havoc, I don’t think he should be blamed for the Berlin crisis, soviet-U. S antagonism would largely have remained and the world would still have been trapped in a cold war. How to cite Nikita Khrushchev Nikita, Papers

The Opening Sequince of Witness by Peter Weir Essay Example

The Opening Sequince of Witness by Peter Weir Essay â€Å"Witness† is an American film made in 1985 produced by Australian film maker Peter Weir; he has successfully conveyed many themes, issues and concepts in this film. The opening scene of the film â€Å"Witness† establishes many features of the film. These features include the camera shots, camera angles, light, sound, and dialogue, positioning of characters and setting. The opening scene is significant as it examines the concepts of ; how the peaceful Amish communities are marginalised and isolated from the modern world; the sense of unity and affinity the Amish culture have with the land; and the contrast between the two different worlds of the slow paced and peaceful life style of the Amish and the fast paced, materialistic, hectic lifestyle of the modern world. In the peaceful Amish community, the examination of marginalisation and isolation from the modern world in which they co- exist is examined. The Amish culture differ from modern day culture dramatically as they are virtually fundamentalists and live very simply and do not have any material goods as we do. The Amish people reject modern conveniences such as cars,, television, electricity and the telephone, living self sufficiently from the land working together to make everyday necessities such as their simple clothing, food, furniture and housing. Weir shows the audience that the alternate lifestyle of the Amish is not â€Å"weird†, but strangely enlightened. The terms isolated and marginalised are often used to describe the social process of becoming or being alienated from the society around them. When placed into the society in which they are marginalised the ideas, values, habits to which these individual Amish members are accustomed are challenged or contradicted by the ideas, values and customs of the modern day group or community they enter. We will write a custom essay sample on The Opening Sequince of Witness by Peter Weir specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Opening Sequince of Witness by Peter Weir specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Opening Sequince of Witness by Peter Weir specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the film Witness Peter Weir has created two different worlds with different value systems. The close up shot of individual Amish faces in the cramped room at the funeral creates a sense of close community, but also highlights the fact that they are confined from the outside world. Culture is also evident as the mysterious German language in which they speak represents a religious tradition, confinement and isolation from the English spoken society around them. The Amish widow Rachel Lapp is taking her young son Samuel to Philadelphia for the first time, to stay with her sister whilst she morns and recovers the loss of her husband; The long shot of the Samuel at the train station, trying to work out how the bubblers works, highlights his fragile and innocent personality, it emphasize the differences of the two worlds due to the isolation and marginalisation of the Amish community. The mid shot of Rachel trying to perchance a train ticket when another person pushes her out of the frame suggests that the different worlds can’t work together and that there are existing conflicts between the Amish and people modern world, it implies that the modern world has rejected her and her culture, creating a sense of isolation and marginalisation. The examination of the contrast between the two worlds of the slow paced and peaceful life style of the Amish and the fast paced, hectic lifestyle of the modern world is shown through the collision of two worlds; the idealistic world of the Amish comes into conflict with the ugly main culture of the modern world. The camera is set at Samuels head height showing the fast paced movements of the passing modern society and its people. At the start of the movie, before the murder scene, we see Samuel exploring around the train station, walking slowly in indifference to everyone else who are rushing about to be places. This reinforces the concept that the Amish community live a simplistic slow paced lifestyle. The slow paced opening credits relate to the Amish world as they are black and white, this echo’s the values and the slow pace of the Amish culture. The close up of the wheels on the Horse and buggy highlights the Amish’s pre-modern form of transport, The shot of the Horse and buggy which moves to long shot of a semi trailer following close behind, juxtaposes the difference between Amish and the modern American world, it highlights the difference in pace, in which the individuals feel they have to move. After close analysis, Peter Weir’s â€Å"Witness† successfully portray fascinating ideas to the audience. The idea of their unity and affinity with the land is suggested. Through the opening scene the sense of unity and the peaceful nature of the Amish community is examined through the wide shot of long, luscious grass, with the Amish emerging from as if they’re from the land itself. This shot is accompanied by natural abundant lighting, again suggesting there natural ifestyle and highlighting the gentle nature of the people thus establishing the Amish effectively as peaceful people who are in harmony with nature. Weir uses the techniques of the long shot in the opening scene where human figures walking together, whilst only seeing half of their body as if they are coming from the earth, the next shot of the close up of the human figures clearly demonstrating that they are Amish people, with this angle shot Weir has demonstrated the unity of the Amish community a s they walk as one together with the earth. Throughout this film Weir has clearly presented the concepts of,; how the peaceful Amish communities are marginalised and isolated from the modern world; the sense of unity and affinity the Amish culture have with the land; and the contrast between the two different worlds of the slow paced and peaceful life style of the Amish and the fast paced, materialistic, hectic lifestyle of the modern world.

Essay about Effects of Images

Essay about Effects of Images Essay about Effects of Images Effects of Images Most Americans are searching for the American Dream: a nice house, a white picket fence, a big yard with children running around and a spouse to come home to. No one seems to be satisfied with this â€Å"dream† anymore because everyone wants to go beyond it. Commercials and advertisements on television compel us to go out and buy things we don’t need so we can achieve happiness and fulfillment. These advertisements are constantly on television brainwashing us into thinking we need the latest and greatest. We are unaware of the impact they have on our lives. Although these images seem very appealing, they are causing many negative problems in American’s everyday lives. Advertisers have shaped our generations’ way of thinking by evoking emotion in many of the television commercials today. In Cameron Johnson’s â€Å"The Mighty Image† he claims that most Americans don’t realize the influence images have on them. â€Å"Millions of products suddenly get purchased directly after a slick marketing campaign reveals the tremendous power of a finely wrought image† (177). However, advertisers are successful when it comes to creating an emotional appeal by using valuable symbols that makes a dramatic attraction to the product, such as the American Flag. For example, J. Francis Davis points out that the American flag is an important symbol for Americans because it evokes so many heartfelt emotions. â€Å"The flag works as an image because it suggests a long list of stories and myths that are buried inside us. Image makers hope that in the moment it takes to ‘consume’ an ad or commercial frame, their carefully sel ected graphics-like the image of the flag-will evoke emotions and memories bubbling deep within us† (569). The American flag is a very useful visual effect for advertisements because it represents our countries values. When Americans see the flag they feel a sense of pride in their country and are compelled to buy a product that it is associated with. If an advertisement is trying to get Americans to buy something, all they have to do is wave a flag around and say, â€Å"Buy this if you are a true American.† Advertisers are spending millions of dollars researching what will work best to attract us to certain products. Commercials and advertisements have created an addiction within us that we are unaware of. â€Å"They all teach us to buy and to feel somehow dissatisfied and inadequate unless we have the newest, the latest, the best† (Thoman 174). Americans are always focused on what we don’t have rather than what we do have. We are unaware of the influenc e that the image culture has on us. One example of how images affect our society is by the commercials they make. Images stereotype certain genders and how they are portrayed. For example, Carl’s Jr. commercials focus mainly on men. They are known for their ads with fancy cars or girls in their bikinis. After a man watches these commercials he begins to think that Carl’s Jr. is manly food and will be more likely to go out and buy it. Many of these stereotypical advertisements can be very harmful to the audience watching them. One gender may be attracted to the commercial while the other gender is furious at the message they’re sending out. The Electrolux company does a great job putting their focus on women doing the household chores. In one of their commercials, they illustrate stereotypical gender roles perfectly. It shows Kelly Ripa running around the house getting the chores done while cooking dinner with the â€Å"all powerful† Electrolux stove. Why doesn’t this advertisement sho w any men? They are assuming that women are the only ones that cook for their children and do household chores while men wait for the meal to be ready. In reality, a lot of men are also responsible for doing the chores around the house. Many television ads also compel us to have the latest and popular items in America. In â€Å"The Mighty Image† Cameron Johnson talks about the SUV craze in America and how everyone

The Skills That Will Get You Hired in Administration [Infographic]

The Skills That Will Get You Hired in Administration [Infographic] Todays administration requires many skills.  If youre looking to get hired   in administration and one of its many fields, then here is some important information you need to know.Weve compiled an infographic detailing important skills that you need in order to be hired as a administrative professional.  Check it out below:

Analysis of Galanin Using Mass Spectrometry Essay

Analysis of Galanin Using Mass Spectrometry - Essay Example It is reported that obese human beings have been observed to have high levels of serum galanin; this suggests that peripheral galanin has a role to play in the regulation of balance of energy and that high circulating galanin levels are a contributing factor to the development of obesity and obesity-related metabolic impairments. In their findings, they report that high levels of galanin in the serum can help regulate body weight, metabolic rate and carbohydrate-lipid metabolism through a mechanism that does not depend on the feeding regulation Galanin may also be responsible for high altitude induced anorexia. Singh et al. (2001) carried out studies on the roles played by galanin and neuropeptide Y in high altitudes in food uptake. Male Sprague-Drawley rats were exposed to conditions mimicking those at a high altitude of 7620 meters for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days for a six-hour period each day and to an altitude of 6096 meters for a continuous 72 hours to study the effects of intermittent and continuous exposure. Galanin and neuropeptide Y levels were estimated in various parts of the brain and plasma of exposed and unexposed rats. They found that plasma galanin levels decreased in both groups of rats. They asserted that the changes in the levels of galanin may be responsible for anorexia at high altitudes. Galanin signaling occurs through three G protein-coupled receptors. After mucosal stomach biopsies, the galanin can be analyzed using mass spectrometry. The technique Mass spectrometry involves measuring the mass of a compound, this with very high sensitivity. Mass spectrometers require molecules to be charged and in gaseous form for analysis. Peptide molecules in galanin being large and polar, are not easily transferred into the gas phase and ionised. Electrospray (ES) Fenn et al (1989) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) Karas and Hillenkamp (1988) are the ionization techniques that are used to transform the galanin into the gas-phase. Mass spectrometers measure the mass/charge ratio (m/z) of analytes. Mass spectrometry and MS/MS is applied in protein study as it makes use of the large array of genome and protein data stored in databases. The lists of peak intensities and mass-to-charge (m/z) values produced by a mass spectrometer can be processed and compared with lists generated from the theoretical digestion of a protein or the theoretical fragmentation of a peptide. Mass spectroscopy makes use of the fact that many protein molecules can be adequately displayed on a single gel. This technology was developed in the 1970s, as noted by Klose (1975) and O’Farrell (1975). Identification of the spots separated on these gels remained laborious and was limited to the most abundant proteins until the 1990s, when biological mass spectrometry had developed into a sufficiently sensitive and robust technique. In the analysis of galanin using mass spectroscopy: 1. The galanin sample will undergo vaporisation to transform i t into a gaseous form. 2. The gaseous form will then be bombarded by an electron beam to generate ions. 3. The generated ions are them separated depending on their mass-to-charge ratio by an electromagnetic field in an analyser. The analyser can be Time of Flight (TOF) or a quadruple ion trap. 4. The ions are detected. 5. The ion signal is processed into mass spectra. Ionization techniques 1. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation MALDI Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) employs the use of an excess of matrix material. This matrix is precipitated with the analyte molecules (the analyte contains the galanin molecules to be analysed) by placing a very small volume of the mixture onto a metal substrate and allowing it to dry. This solid is then

Issues in Human Sexuality Unit 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Issues in Human Sexuality Unit 4 - Essay Example Users very often quickly reveal sexual fantasies, intimate secrets and talk about personal and marital problems (Mileham, 2004). Clearly, this is dangerous and can be very harmful. But is it cheating? There are contradictory opinions regarding this. Those who are in favor of cybersex claim that it cant be defined as cheating because there is no physical contact between the two people having the cybersex, they are only typing and masturbating. Others also say that cybersex is like porn- you do it in order to please yourself, but you dont actually have any contact with others for sex purposes. They claim it is just visual harmless fun. But those who oppose it and claim cybersex is a form of cheating have overwhelming claims, based primarily on logic. When a person is in a monogamous relationship, the one he is with is supposed to be the only with whom he is having an intimate, emotional and sexual relationship. A monogamous relationship means committing to only one person, sharing things with him and experience things with him- and with him alone. If a person is encountering another person for the sake of satisfying his sexual or emotional needs, it doesnt matter that there is no actual physical connection- it is cheating, because it is betraying in the other person that is in the relationship. While this isnt physical cheating, it is an emotional one. This is enhanced due to the fact that the person having cybersex reveals to a complete stranger her innermost hidden sexual fantasies and private feelings and emotions, sometimes revealing information about him and his spouse. This is definitely a situation that port rays betrayal of the person in his spouse, and consequently can most certainly be defined as cheating.

Twelfth Night :: essays research papers

Twelfth Night â€Å"Twelfth Night is a comedy of light and shade. Its characters are not unreservedly happy and the events are not unreservedly humorous.† Discuss. As a comedy, Twelfth Night is obviously intending to not only entertain its audience but also point out problems in society. It is imperative to entire merit of the play not to be realistic but to allow for empathy. Therefor to have a comedy of complete lightheartedness there would be no balance and hence no avenue for audience interaction. Without light we would have no darkness and for this reason Shakespeare has had to incorporate tragedy in order for the comedy to have it’s desired effect. The two in juxtaposition accentuate each other. The characters of Twelfth Night are neither bluntly humorous nor artlessly tragic. Twelfth Night like all Shakespearean comedies is largely about social concerns. The social messages in Twelfth Night are largely about, the need for a balance in life, that you should not judge on appearance as they can be deceptive and the importance of self awareness or the humor in lack of. Neither is artlessly or bluntly humorous, as this would detract from the greater issues he in attempting to convey. Humor instead is used in contrast to some pain to antithesis the comedy and accentuate the themes. The plot of Twelfth Night is comic it explores many social issues in it’s comedy yet is also not unrestrained in it’s humor. As a comedy Twelfth Night follows, many conventions as far as structure, the setting is in a far away â€Å"romantic† land, situation, and events somewhat steer the plot however this is certainly not without art or subtleties. Shakespeare has carefully intertwined comedy and pain in both the main and the sub plots to highlight the comedy and explore the social themes. The audience is forced to suspend disbelief that such a coincidence could occur. The audience is transported from their ordinary mundane existence and is transported into a world of chance, non-existent penalties for practical jokes and the unmistakable harmony of events. It is this incongruity compared to everyday life that is humorous. However, this summer, frivolris setting is not completely free from conflict. There is however, some predominately â€Å"lighter† characters that serve as comic relief from the more serious main plot and represent a certain â€Å"type† of people in society. Sir Toby and Sir Andrew would have been marvelously enjoyed by Shakespearean audiences as they are today. Not a scene goes by involving these to where we can laugh and the slow wit of Sir Andrew and the awkward puns of Sir Toby.

Lee Kum Kee

Mr.. Lee Shih Nan carries on the work of improving production procedure, while Mr.. Lee Shih Tang was responsible for sales and marketing. However, because of the disagreement in business, Lee Shih Nan buying out of Lee Shih Tang with the help of Lee Wanda, the son of Lee Shih Nan. During this period, Lee Gum Eke expanded its operation and develop import and export business to meet the increasing demands of its overseas market. And then, in 1972, Mr.. Lee Wanda was appointed Chairmen of the company.New business policies and expansion strategies were introduced, setting the direction of the company for the future. Mr.. Lee set â€Å"promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide† as the corporate vision and infuses â€Å"Is Lie Xi Rene†, which means considering others' interests, into the company. However, Lee Gum Eke faced a big problem in 1986 for the reason that Lee Wend's brother Lee Went wanted to liquidate his own share. Lee Gum Eke faced a split once again. The conflict esca lated as the time passed by, even resorting to law. Lee Gum Eke was ordered by court to suspend business for half a year.At the same time, The 4th generation of Lee family, Eddy, David, Charlie, Sammy and Elizabeth graduated from abroad and joined Lee Gum Eke in the ass. The scope and scale of Lee Gum Eke has been developed rapidly. In 1 992, Lee Gum Eke collaborated with the First Ministry Medical University and established the Infant Lee Gum Eke Health Products Co. ,Ltd. To promote traditional Chinese herbal health products. In the same time, apart from the mission of â€Å"promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide, Lee Gum Eke purr forward the mission that â€Å"modernizing traditional Chinese herbal health around the world†.Armed with a unique management culture, stringent quality control, superb and innovative products, coupled with the century-long brand reputation, Lee Gum Eke has achieved unanimous recognition and won numerous prestigious awards. . Family asset 2. 1 Value based leadership(culture value, family value), 2. 1. 1 core value From 1972-1992, after the third generation Lie Wanda took charge of the company, Lee Gum Eke substantiates its core value of â€Å"considering others' interests† in every aspect of its business operations. It was built upon the principles of â€Å"pragmatism, integrity and constant entrepreneurship†.Besides its core value and principles, the company also put forward two missions -â€Å"promoting Chinese cuisine worldwide† and â€Å"modernizing traditional Chinese herbal health around the world†. This value reflects the corporate social accessibility . When pursuing the interests of their own, enterprises should also consider others interest, and then benefit the society. It conforms the long-term management goal of company. 2. 1. 2 Family First Lee Gum Eke always put family in the most important position, making business as a part of family.Lie Wanda thought that family harmony is the found ation of prosperity, which reflects the traditional Chinese culture harmonious family can lead to the success of everything. 2. 1. 3 Establish family committee Lee Gum Eke Group established committee on the family, including a total of 6 people. The core members are Lie Wanda, his wife and his five children. Lie Wanda and his five children are held key position in Lee Gum Eke. The family committee is the highest authority overseeing Lee Gum See's operation.The core function of family committee is the study how to governance family, including to resolve family conflicts, construct family system, nurture the next generation and so on. The family committee do not need to discuss the enterprise management problem. A major decision should agreed by 75% Of total number and the general decision should be agreed by 50% As we can see from the graph, the score of value of Lee Gum Eke is higher than the score of most other companies in SEA and Mainland China. To explain this Phenomenon, I will list the following four reasons. . Irritate(means longevity), 2. 2. 1 History and Reputation Established in 1 888, Lee Gum Eke has become a household name as an ethnic Chinese enterprise as well as an international brand and a symbol of quality and trust. With a glorious history of 1 25 years, Lee Gum Eke has become a household name as an ethnic Chinese enterprise of quality and trust. Armed with a unique management culture, stringent quality control, upper and innovative products, and its century-long reputation, Lee Gum Eke has achieved recognition and won numerous prestigious awards. . 2. 2 Activity participate in promotional activities. In recent years, Lee Gum Eke family members frequently take part in the speech and interview activities to promote the company. Apart from that, many experts have published books intending to study on the cause of success in Lee Gum Eke family. Lee Huh Seen, one of the fourth generation member of Lee Gum Eke, published two books, which is Ã¢â‚¬Ë œthe power of considering other first† and † automatic wave model of leadership†.Automatic eave model of leadership is a kind of management mode of south Lee Gum Eke, the subsidiary company of Lee Gum Eke, aiming to continue operating cool, release unlimited potential, attract talent, consists of selection of talent, high letter atmosphere, highly efficient team. Publishing books has a very positive effect to promote the culture of company to public. As we can see from the graph, the score of heritage of Lee Gum Eke is higher explain this Phenomenon, I will list the following three reasons. 2. Connection 2. 3. Title in government department Lie Hussein: member of the CAP National Committee;Member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference Committee of Loaning Province;Director of the overseas Chinese united friendship conference; Lie Hugging: Vice President Chinese Cuisine Association; Director of Chinese Institute of food s cience and technology; Director of Hong Kong Chinese manufacturers association. These titles are very special political resources for enterprise. 2. 3. 2 Close cooperation with well-known universities and government department.Besides owning a lot of titles for family members, Lee Gum Eke has also collaborated with the First Military Medical University, Hong Kong University of Science &Technology, Distinguish University and other well-known colleges as well as some government departments. This is a very good resource for company's development. 3. Roadblocks 3. 1 Family roadblocks:Possible family conflicts At present, the fourth generation successor has not yet been determined. The four sons of Lee Wanda were hold important positions in the group.Although Lee Gum Eke Group set up a family committee which is a good communication platform between family members, it cannot guarantee that after Lie Wend's death, the fourth generation won't appear the operation, because the separation app eared in the second and third generation. 3. Institutional roadblocks 3. 2. 1 Hinder by government policy Chinese government banned direct selling activities in any form in April, 1998, asking the company that has obtained authorized direct selling power like South Lee Gum Eke stop business.It has caused a great impact on profit in the market of mainland china. 3. 2. 2 More concern on food safety problem There are more and more different kinds of food safety problems appear in China in recent years. Therefore, people especially from mainland china could ay more attention in food safety problem. However, more and more companies in sauce industry received complaints from public, which disclose that there are some unqualified products circulate in market. Those companies include Haitian Group, Lee Gum Eke Group, Wang choosy Group and so on.Therefore, food companies like Lee Gum Eke should invest more money to ensure the quality of product, which will increase the cost of company. 3. Ma rket roadblocks 3. 3. 1 Fierce competition and high operational cost Lee Gum Eke has been facing fierce competition from asses to the beginning of 21st century. With the advent of some famous sauce companies like Haitian Group, the market share of Lee Gum Eke in mainland china is losing constantly. Although the market share of Lee Gum Eke in Hong Kong and America performs good, it will still hinder the development of the enterprise for the low market share in mainland china.With the intense competition, the operational cost is increasing constantly, which is another problem Lee Gum Eke should avoid. 3. 3. 2 Disputation on workers There are some labors dispute the low-level salary. To lower the cost of company and make the product more competitive, Lee Gum Eke did not increase labors salary in these years, making employee have different opinions toward the company. Because Lee Gum see's core market still has a lot of growth opportunities and the firm is pay more attention in innovati on recently, continue to expand their market overseas.Therefore, the market roadblocks is not a big problem. 4. Reactions to roadblocks 4. 1 Reactions to Market roadblocks 4. 1. 1 launched a â€Å"happy index† For the dispute from some labors, Lee Gum Eke launched a â€Å"happy index† to measure the degree of satisfaction of workers. The survey showed that Lee Gum Eke won the honor of best employer in Asian area and Mainland China. . 1. 2 Constant entrepreneurship For the fierce competition and increasing operational cost, Lee Gum Eke put forward the target â€Å"constant entrepreneurship†, which means constantly innovation.Innovate in product packaging, in market, in management method and product producing procedure. It offers over 220 varieties of sauces and condiments in over 1 00 countries and regions across the five continents nowadays after setting the target â€Å"constant entrepreneurship†. Len addition to the Lee Gum Eke Sauce Group, Lee Gum Eke Health Product Group Infinitum (China) Company Limited develops the market of Chinese rebel health products. Not satisfied with the sauce field, Lee Gum Eke expand their business to the health product field, which is also a kind of innovation.Nearly 20 years since the establishment , the South Lee Gum Eke successfully produced nearly 50 kinds of product including infinitum health food. Since the twenty-first Century, Lee Gum Eke showed a strong momentum. 4. 2 Reactions to Family roadblocks 4. 21 Established family committee and constitution enterprise management problem. A major decision should agreed by 75% of Apart from establishing family committee, Lee Gum Eke also developed he family constitution. All family members must follow the family constitution, otherwise will not be able to get its due share. 4. 2. Caring for the Community Lee Kurd Eke deliver consciousness Of caring for the community, because to measure the success of a enterprise, the most important factor is how many contributions the enterprise make to the society. For example, the founder Wang Young-aching of company Formosa Plastic Group, contributes a lot to society, by establishing the charitable foundation Change Gung Memorial Hospital and the charitable trust Change Gung. All of his son and all the hillier were deeply moved by their father, leading them work together continue to be of value to their family company.After setting the target of caring for the community, Lee Gum Eke has obtained great achievement in following part. Caring for the Community: In 2008 and 2009, the senior management and employees of Lee Gum Eke participated in the â€Å"Charity Walk to Support Look Chi Association,† the â€Å"Lifeline Express Hong Kong Foundation – Charity Run/ Walk 2009† and various activities to raise money for victims of the Is Chuan earthquake. Caring for the Employees: Lee Gum Eke promotes a â€Å"3-balance† corporate hilltop's – family, health and work; and provides free nutritious lunch and a shuttle for employees.Caring for the Environment: Lee Gum Eke implemented environmental management facilities within its plants – an integrated oil and grease removal process to the sewage treatment system; reduction of plastic usage in packaging; and deploying circulating hot water system to generate energy. 4. 3 Reactions to institutional roadblocks: In line with the spirit of â€Å"Is Lie Xi Rene which means considering others interest, Lee Gum Eke resolutely bought out of the First Military MedicalSeniority and let the First Military Medical University continue to provide scientific research for the South Lee Gum Eke without participate in any management and investment. At the same time, the South Lee Gum Eke provided a sum of money to the First Military Medical University from sales in proportion. The problem has been well settled with guidance of â€Å"Is Lie Xi Rene†. For the complaints from public, Lee Gum Eke attaches great importance to quality of product. From 2004, Lee Gum Eke has taken a series of reform measures to improve product quality and improve customer satisfaction.Lee Gum Eke conduct questionnaire survey every half a year, set up R & D center and invest huge funds to establish integrated supply chain. These strategies have ensured product quality and have improved the competitiveness Of enterprises. The results show that 2004-2007 years customer complaint rate remains below 0. 006%. 5. Recommendations for other family enterprise 5. 1 Consciously penetrate the enterprise culture to brand shaping 5. 2 Cultivate the spirit of forever the entrepreneurial and continuous improvement 5. Implement people-oriented management culture 5. 4 Starting from basic and Striving to consolidate the basis of a hundred ears enterprise Family sustainability score 6. Conclusion â€Å"Lee Gum Eke† is not just an isolated brand, but a true to life, ups and downs of the family business 100 years of str uggle history. Let's not easy for any business concern to survive and remain strong for over a century. It is even more inconceivable for Lee Gum Eke, which began as a humble family operation, to grow into the renowned family enterprise that it is over a period Of 125 years.By studying Lee Gum Eke, I have learned a lot for the enterprise's core value â€Å"considering others interest first' , the target â€Å"constant entrepreneurship† and customer focused approach in developing business. By introducing family business map, we naturally come to the conclusion that Lee Gum Eke will continue put the family ownership and family management strategy in the foreseeable future. 6. 1 family ownership Concentrated ownership enables the controlling owner to effectively control the firm and to be held responsible for his decisions (Lucian, 1965; Jensen and Neckline, 1976).However, diffused ownership has benefits too. Selling ownership shares to investors facilitates financing and firm growth (Demesne, 1967). As we can see from the chart. The company Lee Gum Eke has a very high score of family value. Therefore, concentrated ownership can enable family members make their decision effectively. 6. 2 family management In principle, firm decision rights should be given to the person who maximizes the productivity of firm assets (Grossman and Hart, 1986; Jensen and Neckline, 1992).Founding family members have specialized abilities to preserve and share these intangibles because of life-long interactions and family governance mechanisms that are not available to non-family members. We call these specialized intangibles family assets. From the chart we can see that the roadblock of Lee Gum Eke is lower than most of companies located in SEA and Mainland China. Therefore, choosing family management can maximize the profit of company because of the intangible family assets can show to others.

Unilever Project plan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 24 Words: 7284 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION: There are many kinds of business everywhere; where there are many issues related to the growth of the company and Different strategies will enable different companies to reach those goals. Unilever is a company started in 1930 formed of Dutch Margarine Company and British based lever brothers. Unilever holds a wide range of products which include food, personal care, beverages, canned foods, ice creams and many more which are worlds best consumer brands. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Unilever Project plan" essay for you Create order The case study describes a lot of information regarding Unilevers business strategies, key elements of Unilevers path to growth, how they rejuvenated and restructured the companies slow moving performance to wide range of brands across the world. BRIEF CASE STUDY: Unilever was created in 1930 as an outcome of merger with dual chairpersons and headquarters one in Netherlands and other in Unites Kingdom. This is of one the giant and best competitors in the industry which holds wide range of products. The two chairpersons have launched a strategy in early 2000 to recover the companys performance which was said to be lackluster. With the new strategies the company showed a significant progress and has gone through many dealings over the next years, this made the company to open 20 new acquisitions worldwide and increased the sales of the company. Thus the companys business was restructured, renovated and improved through its acquisitions. Then their came companies likes nestle which effecting the growth of Unilever. Unilever then started efforts to attract and motivate young, talented and innovative managers from outside its company. TASK 1: SWOT : A planning technique which is used for summarizing the key issues and evaluates the Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) in any business is called an SWOT analysis. Analysis is the brief study of any case how they are going to be obtained, who are responsible for causing it and solving it by planning which involves internal and external factors of a business or an organization; internal factors are classified as strengths(S) or weaknesses (W) and external factors are classified as Opportunities (O) or Threats (T). Strengths are those characteristics of a person or a company that are useful to achieve the goals. Weaknesses are the characteristics of a person or a company that is destructive to achieve the objective. Opportunities and threats are the external factors that are helpful in achieving and damaging the business performance respectively. ? Figure1: Illustrative diagram of SWOT Analysis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis The figure1 show the illustrative diagram of SWOT analysis. The internal factors include personal, finance, manufacturing capabilities, etc and the external factors may include technological changes which may cause changes in products and processes that is inventing a new product or making the product better which include quality of the product and the consumer desire, market influences due to unemployment rates effect the company and price factors is one of the important thing to keep in mind , market place is one more thing which is very important that is the company or a business should be located in a convenient environment to the consumers to attract and the product should be user friendly. Another important factor is that its external appearance the packing and the name of the products should be eye catchy. At last he customer relations should be friendly and consumer satisfaction is ve ry necessary. Other than these there are some more factors which may be changing due to economic and social factors and competitive positions which may create new opportunities or threats. SWOT analysis is useful in decision making when most wanted these include nonprofit organizations, individuals. It is the only method for classification and has its own weaknesses. A SWOT which produces no strategies is of no use whereas which generates important strategies is useful. Unilever had a very tough competition during that time when it was bringing about the changes it was probably at this stage that these companies had moved forward with there various strategies. Skills, assets, finance, facilities are the resources which are used in any business to compete in the industry. In the same way Unilever used their own resources to grow as giant company. They have implemented SWOT analysis and implemented new business strategies and rejuvenated their company from lack lust to significant progress in sales. It has concentrated on marketing and advertising its business and gained increased pricing with supermarket vendors. Unilever was lagging in sales when compared with nestle, Procter Gamble, Kelloggs etc its path of growth strategy which met considerable uncertainty which made Unilever to undertake a series of actions by cutting the companies profile to reach corporate goals and introduced 20 new acquisitions worldwide and restructured the company into two divisions one includes all food products and other household and personal care. Then started other two new businesses across the world. The external market factors such as technological changes, social factors, and other companies growth made a very big impact on the consumer preferences and Unilever had to cut its revenue growth. Later it continued to obtain more products across the world and these products gave managers to make their own decision making to set priorities by introducing new initiatives. Unilever has even motivated and attracted young talented managers from outside the company to join their company. According to Unilevers SWOT analysis the strengths of the company are recognized as it is a global company with strong brand profile with worlds best brands and maintains strong relation with its retailers. But coming to its weaknesses it has insufficient management of brands and doesnt not connect with customers. And inability to maximize acquisitions has reduced spending for R D. Thought it has got many opportunities by introducing many products by changing customer preferences and increase in productio n of quality goods. There are threats equally which cause decrease in revenues with high market competition, increasing the number brands and exchange rates. There are many growth expectations, risks, profit margins in food and house hold industry which is composed of many sectors and sub sectors by challenging the change of customers preferences with challenging rival firms to gain market shares. Then with competitive achievement by creating attractive products through acquisitions and with capability of growing sales of the brands which existed and improve margins. For all this the many key to success was advertising the products. By improving the profits of the company not only included shifting sales of the products but also boosting efficiency and unit costs. There were three factors which worried in 2000, the consolidation pressures in food industry which bothered were slower growth rates in food industries, rapid consolidation among grocery markets that is between branded manufactures and private manufactures for good self space in the grocery stores. In the United States for several years the food industry was miserable and was expected to continue for few more years due to more women working and decreasing house hold sizes, single parents and singles. But the food industry in Europe, Asia, Africa and other less developed countries were attractive. Thought the competition between branded and private manufactures was a never ending issue, private manufactures improved their quality of products by growing market shares. Then there came many giant super markets and gave an opportunity for private brands with attractive prices below branded products and even provided checkout scanners to help the customers know price difference which tempt them to BRIEF SWOT ANALYSIS OF UNILEVERS CASE STUDY STRENGHTS WEAKNESSESS Global company. Reduced spending for R D. Best Brands. Inability to maximize acquisitions. Strong relation with retailers. Insufficient management of brands. Dual Leadership. OPPURTUNITIES THREATS Increasing in need of quality products. Decrease in revenues. Changing customer preferences. Strong competition. Increase in brands. shift to the private brands. Due to the heavy competition among them manufactures had to cut down the costs of the products, number of versions of the products and weed out weak brands and concentrate on those brands which were popular among the customers and those could develop into global brands. Introducing dual headquarters by dividing the food industry which consisted of 6 categories and household industry which consisted of 8 categories there were many benefits such as improving food and household industry by focusing more on them regionally and globally. Accelerating decision making and successful integration of R D though there were some critics that Unilever has been paying more for some of its acquisitions such as acquire Amora Maille. Unilever as of then in 2003 had been seen as a growing organization which probably had all the necessary requirements to make it a force to recon with, during the Path to Growth strategy many aspects of the company had come out some of them included the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strengths, probably the biggest strength that the company had at that time was the correct selection of the brands and the products it had in store unilever had done many researches and had to make many decisions to get the right combinations products that where to be sold it also had the right ideas to increase the sales and all the leading brands to help its cause. Unilever was very good at that time even if the financial aspect was taken into consideration it could experiment with various aspects of its store cause had the financial backup which was required at that time to help it implement various ideas and deal with the market pressures, for any company to improve its sales marke ting always plays a very important role this was probably there biggest strength as the marketing strategy applied by them managed to grab peoples attention as they easy to be connected to and much more simplistic and realistic. Unilever did manage all its clients very well considering that during a phase when they where cutting on the brands it would have been a risk to out anything at that time but it was very well managed by the company. Mainly the fact that unilever was now looking to make the higher range or the brands which where more famous as there core brands which made it much easier for them to advertise considering that it is much easier to promote a very well known and a trusted brand rather than a normal or new brand to increase the sales. Weaknesses, though unilever had a very good policy and all the right objectives to make a difference in the industry it couldnt happen basically due to the lack of proper organization, it was actually much like a bureaucratic organization where things where divided between too many people and it had become difficult to get the ideas moving due to the lack of proper organization, it probably all started with the fact that the company had to deal with too many brands in the first place it would obviously have the impact when the Path to Growth strategy came up cause of the then 1600 brands only 400 brands where retained and rest all where either removed or replaced, that shows that due the lack of proper organization and too many brands being part of it didnt help it in making the changes it wanted to in a better and quickest way. The organization was probably one field in which the company was lacking because it was felt that at the top of the company as there were too many people mak ing decisions and these decisions had to be put forward and this delayed the process of improvement for the company. Opportunities, during this phase of development and renewing it content and upgrading of the stock it turned out to be very fruitful as it provided many working opportunities for people it was at that time that many people where starting to get full time work, during this phase a lot of acquisition also took place with the major brands which resulted in some alterations in plans to that which were planned. SlimFast which is a private company is another acquisition of Unilever after implementing path to growth strategy in 2000 the company bargained an agreement to purchase slimfast diet foods. It had strong sales and network and has a special space in every super market and drugstores these products were made from natural ingredients and added vitamins and minerals to provide good nutritional profile. It also maintained a very good relationship with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other agencies. Unilever has concentrated more on this Slimfast since the company was growing fast and attracted the customers to buy more of it for healthier and long living life .Management of Unilever utilized the opportunity to globalize the product in other countries like Europe, Australia due to increase in the percent of obese. According to the world health organization percent of the obese was increasing gradually. UNILEVERS TOP COMPETITORS ? Figure: Competitors Performance Comparison https://finance.aol.com/company/unilever-plc-amer/ul/nys/top-competitors Ben Jerrys acquisitions which produces one of the finest ice creams anywhere in pint cartons and wholesale at groceries. Their sales slogan was Vermont finest All Natural Ice cream. They never use any artificial flavors thought the cost is little more it is worth the price. According to the time magazine Vermont makes the best ice cream in the world with 29 flavors in pint cartons and 45 flavors in bulk cartons. There products were distributed throughout the world. On demand Ben jerry operated three manufacturing plants where Vermont plant produces super premier ice cream and frozen yogurts where as spring field produces ice cream, lot fat ice creams in bulk, pint cartons and half gallons. Dreyers and Haagen-Dazs were the two major competitors of Ben jerry and other competitors were Colombo frozen yogurts, Kemps ice cream and star bucks. Ben Jerry produces a wide range of ice creams products like sticks, bars, frozen yogurt pops etc. Though Haagen- Dazs was the global market leader followed by Ben jerry it had an insignificant market share in United States where as Haagen- Dazs was more significantly sold in foreign markets. Both Ben jerry and Haagen-Dazs produced ice creams with cookies and candies in it. Bestfoods was a global company across the world almost in 60 countries which was busy in manufacturing and marketing the food products. Bestfoods profits are almost from outside of the United States that is almost 60 percent of its profits. It is one of the best managed food companies among United States who has much number of employees working with in their company in which half of them were at non US locations. The company increased payments for 14 successive years has its revenues grow by7.8 percent annual rate and suddenly slow downed during the period of 1997 and 1999. Then the company introduced a strategy with four core elements. Globalization of the companys core consumers: Products which are new in the market are needed to be globalized that is the products which are less popular among the consumers, are needed to be advertised and market those products to increase its sales and profits of those products. Few such products are knorr product line, salad dressing and food service operations. The advertising of such kind of products was done very well in order to get those products globally recognized and be accepted among many big brands and soon they became household names. Improvement in cost effectiveness: With changing customer preference the quality of the products must be improved and therefore there should also be improvement in cost effectiveness as the quality improves cost increases. Cost effectiveness is nothing but it is a way by which you show to a customer that a certain is product is worth using or is better than other product or the money u spend on it is worth it. Cost effectiveness in simple would be defined as showing the worth of the product. Looking for new market opportunities: Extending the product sales all over the world via new product introductions and extending sales of the products which are existed in the market. It is very important for any company to be always alert and look for opportunities to extend the business to a large scale and see it in a bigger picture based on the opportunities it gets. Using free cash to make new acquisition: With expanding the products and brands company has created 60 acquisitions in the global market. After struggling a lot in June 2000 best foods agreed to be acquired by Unilever. Best foods were the largest acquisition undertaken by Unilever by as far as concerned and which makes a largest combination of food companies in 12 years. Management of Unilever believed that combining and assimilating bestfoods would result in pre tax cost saving, better efficiencies in business process, synergy in distribution marketing, reformation of general and administrative functions and improved economies of scale. By creating robust business in United States market, increasing strengths of Unilever and best foods in Europe, building of best foods in Latin America to speed up the growth of Unilever brands, by distributing strengths in Asia- pacific to grow and sped up Bestfoods brands and increasing the sales of Unilever products by food service channel of Bestfoods. The work culture was so casual to make the atmosphere fun and lively with communication between the management and employees. The company respected the employees suggestions and respected them even paid the employees a reasonable salary Finally Unilever has announced sale of Bestfoods Backing Company to Canadian food and super market group known as George Weston for $ 1.76billion though Unilever declared to divest Bestfoods Baking Company and Unilever other products and bakery products does not exit any more at Unilever. Bestfoods has 19plans across the United States with a strong management team and was entirely US based. It was one of the best distributing for delivering the baked products which are really baked fresh and sent directly to the retail stores. With its dedication and hard work Bestfoods sales has increased its profit margins by 8 percent. Later again Unilever announced to sell 19 Bestfood brands across North America to ACH food companies which is a supplementary of Associated British Food. By successfully combining the operations of bestfoods with Unilever by the year end of 2003 the two companies had been merged in 63countries across the world TASK 2: Path to Growth: Path to growth strategy was initiated in 2000 and was restructured for several years for better and significant results. The key elements of this Unilevers path to growth strategy were cutting down its brands from 1600 brands to 400core brands to achieve top line sales and increase profits by advertising the brands which are more popular and leading brands across the world and concentrating on R D. Another important key element was divesting underperforming brands and theirs companies and introducing more innovated things to enhance the internal development of the organization and making new acquisitions. Unilevers years of slow performance and its lack of corporate strategy in the competition industry with low number of brands and ordinary performance in growing markets with a little global presence made to create a path to growth strategy which was a 5 year growth plan which made them to concentrate on more brands and product innovations for internal and external growth of the company. And made the company to grow with acquisitions. According to FitzGerald and Bergmans path to growth strategy they predicted to manufacture double digit wages per share growth and superior positions. Focusing on the key brands by advertising and marketing made business grow higher and build brand value and increased brands prices. The case study shows Unilever as a global company according to SOWT analysis after introducing the path to growth strategy the company had really increased its sales and with introducing more number of acquisitions and cutting down the cost of revenues. As the acquisitions like Slimfast, Ben jerry and best foods were rapidly growing their market across the world building a very strong profile and providing customers attractive products and offers. Slim fast has 20%anual growth rate with strong sales and distribution all over the world and also maintained good customer relation. Where Ben jerry was worlds giant ice cream products and yogurt maker with strong brand equity. Bestfoods was USs 10 largest foo d products company with a strong global position. The two key elements of the Unilevers new business strategy was to cut down on the number of brands that were being sold or being marketed by the company, at that time Unilever was operating with as many as 1600 brands and much more products due to this the cut down on the number of products and brands was considered, the 1600 brands that where part of the company were cut down to as many as 400 core brands, the core brands mostly included all the famous and popular brands which are generally very popular among people, this idea came up as to make sure that the products where sold and by doing this it would not be much of a problem for the marketi8ng of these products as most of these brands where already day to day and very famous brands which people would generally prefer buying, which would mean that it would take much less an effort to connect to the people and more over the marketing was also done in such a way that people where able to connect to it very easily, the other key e lement of the unilevers strategy was to remove all the underperforming companies or brands and introduce some other new brands or companies in order to enhance the internal development of the organization and make new acquisitions which would enhance the sales of the company and make it more likable for the people this strategy was designed to increase the sales of the company and get rid of the companies which where not much in demand . Weaknesses according to SWOT analysis showed the company has dual leadership, insufficient management of brands and reduced R D after all this slow performance and small global presence the management has introduced path to growth strategy, which increased the company sales with cutting down it costs and introducing more acquisitions resulted in globalizing the company. As a result there were few expectations to achieve a double digit growth and securing a better position in global market for food and household products by increasing the quality of the product to gain pricing power and attract more customers. But according to the strategy plan the targets which were set was really high that is top line sales growth of 5-6 percent annually, increasing profits, and plan to complete by the end of 2004. If we look and analyze the path to growth strategy we can tell whether the strategy is working or not, we can say that it is working by its success rates and increase in profits and increase in brands and acquisitions that is the consumer preferences have changed due to which the products quality has changed and prices have changed the leading brands sales have increased from 75 percent to 93 percent. Food and personal care industry have increased its profits consistently. Operating assets have also improved by 9 percent. Acquisitions like slim fast, Ben jerry and best foods have gradually improved its growth and established its acquisitions all over the world. But the other side it is completely not yes, Unilever was gaining profits significantly after introducing new strategies but it was losing too yes it reported a net loss of $318M as the competitions was increasing and new brands were coming in to the market and rivals were introducing new strategies to compete Unilever. In th e year 2004 sales grew only by .4 percent leading brands by .9 percent so this proves that Unilever was lagging behind competitors in terms of innovation and advertising. Unilevers lack of advertising and marketing failed to improve sales. The company was small and not globalized. In this case Unilever attracted the new young talented manages to join their company with innovated ideas to increase its company profits by new methods of advertising and marketing. To justify Unilever strategies it maintained dual headquarters and dual chairpersons which reduced effective thinking and slow downed the decision making. Unilever is divided into Unilever Plc and Unilever NV. This made Unilever to focus on the needs of the customers and increase its sales profits in various industries like food, personal case, and household industries all over the world. As customers demand the products which are of the best quality and branded but at the same time convenient, cheap and attractive. The market for household products have been decreased its profits as the numbers of single parents have been increased and the rate of females working out have been increased and the demand for the healthy and high quality food has been increased. The consumers preference of the products such as its look, quality of the product and nutritional values has been increased by providing a strong competition against its giant competitors and private manufactures. This allows Unilever to focus on the need of its customers by increasing its sales. In 2003 Unilever executing its path to growth strategy by increasing its operating margins to over 15percent, but the sales of the leading brands growth as slowdown and raised questions among the investors and retailers that whether company brands could deliver some 5-6 percent of growth in revenues in the next coming years. TASK 3: Unilevers current business Strategies: Ever since the Path to Growth strategy ended in 2005 there has been a 15% increase in the sales and development in the overall progress of Unilever. After the Path to Growth came to an end a new process was developed by Unilever called as the Brand Imprint which helped the marketing teams in understanding how the business could face risks as well as opportunities from the social, economic and environmental issues. In this process each brand was scrutinized by a team looking into various aspects of it such as the direct as well the indirect impacts of the product, it also checked how the brand would go ahead in the future looking at the products possibilities of growth both from a customer and a stakeholders point of view. The outcome of the Brand Imprint is that the process has helped in making important decisions for the company keeping the future in perspective it also developed in addressing social missions, social and environmental issues. The Brand Imprint provided a perfect experience to find some systematic and measurable ways to explore different brands and improve the brands by addressing social issues, helping people the product well and reducing the environmental issues. When the S.W.O.T analysis was done on the Path to Growth strategy many different aspects of the strategy where scrutinized using the SWOT analysis in which it dealt with many aspects such as the strength, weakness, opportunities and the threats that are being faced. After the analysis it came out that it had been very useful to determine the various aspects attached to it. Unilever for years had been a slow developing company, though the company had the right infrastructure and the capital but it couldnt utilize it properly that was basically the reason why the path to growth and various other strategies where starting to come up to help the company to increase the sales of the products and improve the business. Path to growth played a major part in the development of the company. The Path to Growth strategy did prove to be quite a useful thing considering the fact that during this period almost all of the unsuccessful brands where removed or replaced and the brands which where trusted and kept managed to increase the sales by 75% to 93%. Unilevers growth was considerably slow during this phase because the company was at that stage making very drastic changes and for these changes to come up and make a difference was something unexpected but the companys growth was obvious in certain fields thanks to the new strategies that had come in to improve the sales of the company so as to improve the business of the company. It was due to the fact that the company probably took way too much time u started and implement its plans that it caused the success to be not as higher as expected. Many business analysts and commentators felt that most of the strategies of the path to growth where working fine but there was always a speculation that what ever progress was talking place was happening too slow considering the competition the market was in with at that time, it was also felt that as the basic functionality of the business was spread among way too many people made the management way to complex and it would have been better off if it was simpler. It did work out fine when it came to the advertising of the product and getting it known to the people as it was more public oriented and it used the sources to the full extent to connect to the people. It did experience a drastic growth during that period as the analysis had proved that the company had the highest growth percentage as compared to any other company during that period it did bring in high profits to the company but looking at the whole picture it did prove to be a huge loss for the company considering the fa ct that they faced a countable loss in the revenue margin and that proved to be the difference, though it did have the right amount of sales and customers due to the slowness of there analysis to sort out and remove or replace the stuff did make a difference to analysis in the larger picture. But the company did grow during that time which might as well have effected the revenue cause many new store where started and large number of employees where starting to be employed on a full time basis. It did do quite well on the international market as well. By looking at the way the company had grown during this stage is quite remarkable many business analysts and commentators had felt that they probably had the right scheme of action because during that time they where handling 1600 brands and which was way too much and among those were quit few brands which hardly made any diff to the company so then the whole idea of brands cut based on the market outlook and sales reports was looked into to classify as to which of the products or brands where fast selling and which had the scope to sell more. It was that idea to cut down on the number of brands and start promoting only few brands which where much easier to be marketed and which where more likable by the people by which it would increase the sales and also make the marketing of these products easier cause when you are promoting bigger brands which are often very well known to public would mean that u don have to spend much on the marketing. Did the company experience growth during this period? Yes, would be the right thing to say voiding the minor things which might effect the outcome but it did see the light of success though slowly and there process and ideas where starting to get implemented in a better way and in a more successful way to deal with the growth of the company, the process of cutting down on the under selling companies was probably the decision that started to turn the tide for the company as it was when the losses where starting to be covered and it was more like a store where the fast selling stuff was found. Unilevers Path to Growth had probably the right ideas to take the company to the highest position with its aims and objectives on the right part but probably it was at the implementation of the whole strategy that could have probably caused the difference in this strategy from just a successful strategy to a very successful state The strategy had the right plans to study the whole products and the brands which where being sold and come up with whole list of brands that where actually more likely to be sold quickly and frequently and those which where not that much preferred, it does take in a lot of effort to recognize what is selling and what people like the most as you have to be cautious that u don get any of the products that is more frequently sold off the shelf. By early 2005 there was a need for a new business strategy and a new strategy which was more active and a top down approach to managing a companys brand profile was introduced for Unilever to support this growth strategy. But the growth to strategy at the starting point was precise, tough compared to the companys profile. On the whole Unilever did manage to grow very well in the market during this period and it was for its strategies and policies and the work put into it that the whole thing was done successfully. TASK 4: Academic theories: The word diversification means a strategy for a company for its market growth. To look forward to increase its profits by increasing the sales of the products. There are four main strategic alternatives emphasizing how each strategy might change companies competitive capabilities they are Market penetration, product development, market development and diversification. ? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversification_(marketing_strategy) Basically the four main strategic alternatives deal with the markets and the products which are based on the present position of demand and supply of the market and the position of the products. Market penetration, it is nothing but the way by which a products sales can be determined, consider there is a particular product which is generally used by everyone and is almost the same for everyone then in that case the penetration of that particular product will be deeper as its demand is much higher than other products, it can simply be told that the deeper the penetration the greater the product sales, by using the market penetration technique we can determine as to which product is currently more sort after and which one has the highest demand by doing this it will effect the business cause the demand for that product will be much higher. By using the market penetration we can come up with new marketing techniques as to increase sales of a product which is not much in demand or gain more profit on products which are in higher demand, for example lets consider a product which has not been off the shelf due to competition from other products in this case if we do the market pen etration we would know the reasons as to why the product has not been sold. Based on this if the reason for that is if the product is expensive then we can look into the market penetration and decide to cut down the price so as to match that of its competitors. There are many growth expectations, risks, profit margins in food and house hold industry which is composed of many sectors and sub sectors by challenging the change of customers preferences with challenging rival firms to gain market shares. Then with competitive achievement by creating attractive products through acquisitions and with capability of growing sales of the brands which existed and improve margins. For all this the many key to success was advertising the products. By improving the profits of the company not only included shifting sales of the products but also boosting efficiency and unit costs. Market position can also help you determine as to which products need to be stocked up the most and how these are to be managed and depending on the demand we can decide as to what can be done to increase the publicity or marketing of that particular product. Product development, it is nothing but the way at which any particular product has improved its sales or how a product has worked out is called as the product development, the product development is generally used to determine as to which product id leading at the moment so as to utilize more of it to increase the sales , in the product development if any particular product is higher in demand due to its development it can be helpful in increasing the sales of that product but where as simultaneously if there is any product which is least popular we can make efforts using this to know as to what would be the reason behind the product not being to the sales expectations. Market development, the market development strategy is nothing but a way by which we can develop our business and increase the sale of the products, it is the process of getting new customers, new products and new business to the company by making new promotions so as to increase the sales of the products and to increase new customers, market development in simple terms can be called as the process by which we wish to develop the business by getting in new customers and getting some new products to our already existing customers is the market development. The market development strategy generally deals with the non-customers who dont often come in to shop, with this market development we manage to attract the people to now come into the store and improve our business. Diversification, it is nothing but the spreading of the investments among the company in order to increase the business, diversification is a means of way by which the market penetration can be improved, in the diversification looking at the market conditions the company invests in various fields so as to make the product develop by which the product will get more penetration, if the product gets more penetration that means it will increase the business to the company. On the whole diversification is a corporate technology by using which they generally tend to woo the customers to make the decision and increase the market penetration. All the four strategies have there own importance in improving the business the market penetration is the basic thing which helps the company in building up a product which would become a money spinner for companies, the market penetration process helps in finding the right product that is in demand and the right ways by which a normal product can be in creased is called market penetration. Similarly, product development is a way by which we can determine as to what is the actual position of a particular product in the market and so as to what needs to be done for the development of that product is called as the product development. Market development is similar to product development in which we check as to what needs to be done so as to improve the sales and customers in the company. While diversification is probably the main source that holds all of these together, by using the diversification a product can be made to increase its market penetration, diversification involves the spreading of investments among the various other aspects in business so as to improve and let other products grow so as to improve the market penetration. Diversification is something which holds all the four alternative strategies together and diversification is more like an influencing factor on these for the products to be judged in the market and vi ce versa. Unilever in order to improve the sales has few strategies which are influenced by the strategic alternatives, in the unilevers method to increase the growth the number of brands that where being promoted or sold had to be cut down from 1600 to just 400 core brands which could be done with the help of the market penetration, by using the market penetration and looking at the market penetration of the various brands in the company it would help out in which brands had the highest penetration in the market and which had the least penetration in the market, so that the brands with the least penetration where removed from the company. Market penetration makes the whole task of choosing the brands which had to stay and the brands which where to be removed by having a look at the brands penetration. Similarly in the aspect of divesting the underperforming companies the strategic alternative comes into play where the product development is taken into consideration, in this a if a particular product or brand is not having a high market penetration then it is said that it is looked after to see the product development of the product so as to check if the product would help in the internal development of the company. The overall picture was of business strengths and weaknesses too much wastage of money and many better opportunities to align resources behind building the brand profile for the future. However the food products were also globalized with slower growing market. Unilevers expectations were to achieve double digit growth and secure a better position in the global market by building a brand value with increase in sales by diversifying that is creating more number of acquisitions across the world and making the products which are local in a market globally according to the change of customer preference. And making the company with dual chairperson and dual headquarters this made Unilever a more successful in the competitive industry while it is easy to manage the company and make decisions very quickly and effectively. Changing customer preferences that is according to the four business strategies product development need to be modified or a new product need to invented it is better to ch ange and improve the quality of a product which is already existing rather than inventing a new product. As the number of women working out has increased gradually and single parents have increased and heir became a decrease in household products and rapid consolidation among retailers has made food industry miserable. Whether the theory is supported by practice: Yes the theory of these strategic alternatives is very much accepted and supported by practice, all the four strategic alternatives that ate used for the companys capabilities are generally accepted and supported by practice, it is very well known that the four strategic alternatives are market penetration, product development, market development and diversification. These are the four strategic alternatives which are generally supported by practice because when implementing the actual strategies of unilever these alternative strategies do come into being used and help in the successful implementation of those ideas. The, market penetration, product development, market development and diversification are the generally used ways of judging a product and its current performance and in requirements in the market, these help in judging and making various promotions to these products. Probably among all the four strategic alternatives the market penetration is the one which is more frequently come across as it basically deals with finding the products which currently have the highest sales and vice versa it is very well known that for any product deeper the penetration higher the demand for the product so this strategy is almost applied regularly. References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unilever https://www.planware.org/strategicplan.htm https://finance.aol.com/company/unilever-plc-amer/ul/nys/top-competitors https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis https://extension.psu.edu/NWRegion/comm/marketfactors.htm Crafting and Executing Strategy By Jr. Thompson, Arthur A, A. J. Strickland, III, A. J. Strickland III, John E Gamble https://books.google.com/books?id=D35W13gPIpACpg=PP1dq=Crafting+and+Executing+Strategyei=oddsSpuSK5iwMteE-IACclient=firefox-a