Study of Psychology - Understanding Mental Images,...

Task B How can memory be improved by use of mental images, concepts and schemas (which help organise thinking)? Within this essay I am going to try and explain the defining roles of mental images, concepts and schemas. These processes are the ways in which our minds interpret information in order for us to understand, use and convey in our everyday life to aid and organise our way of thinking. The role of a mental image is to provide our memory with an almost visual aide to prompt our thoughts, to create a snapshot of information. This snapshot of information is better absorbed as pictures or images rather than words. With a mental image we tend to place it in a more familiar area or situation that we know. The stranger the images†¦show more content†¦Loftus researched and investigated something called the leading question. She showed a group a clip of a car crash. She asked the group to guess what speed the cars were at when the crash took place. Some of the group were asked what speed the cars were doing when they ‘hit’? While the remaining part of the group were asked what speed the cars were going when they ‘crashed’? The group that were asked about the ‘hit’ averaged an estimate of 34mph, where as the group that were asked about the crash averaged an estimate of 41mph. Therefore a slight change in the details caused a slight change in the answer, so from the effect of the leading question the element of remembering is clouded with regards to an eye witness schema recall. So to sum up how our memory can be improved by the use of mental images, concepts and schemas. Without the small cues or prompts we would be unable to process everyday information, as there would not be any thoughts or words therefore leading to much less communication and language. This would make any form of communication or interaction with others impossible. References 1.1 Starting with psychology course manual, Chapter 3.2 page 45 - Study performed by Michael Raugh amp; Richard Atkinson (1975). 1.2 Starting with psychology course manual, Chapter 3.2 page 53 - Experiment carried out by Weston BousfieldShow MoreRelatedHow Can the Use of Mental Images, Concepts and Schemas to Organise Our Thinking Help Us to Improve Our Memory?1740 Words   |  7 PagesHow can the use of mental images, concepts and schemas to organise thinking help us to improve our memory? Cognitive psychology is primarily concerned with the study of subjective internal mental states. However, the subjective nature of cognitive activities such as thinking, memory, learning, perception, and language make it difficult to directly and empirically test these mental processes. Cognitive psychology therefore relies on a fundamental assumption of reductionism, where the dynamic andRead MoreY183 Tma011122 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ways we organise our thinking is by using mental images. By forming a mental image, we are thinking about something by constructing a mental picture of it in our mind. There are various ways of constructing mental images which can lead to better recall when trying to remember things. The mental image will give us a cue when we come to recalling the information. We will have spent time and effort studying the information previously and formed an image which we will have fixed in our memory. ThisRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development1289 Wo rds   |  6 Pagesdevelopment psychologist by the name of Jean Piaget. One of his prized declaration was in 1934, where he declared that education is capable of saving our society from collapsing whether its violent or gradual. Piaget had a key effect on education and psychology, and because of that effect he made many contributions to learning and to cognition. One of most important contribution was a model that was made by Piaget. This model was so popular and beneficial that up until today it is still used. PiagetRead MoreY183 Tma011258 Words   |  6 Pagesorganise our thinking by using mental images, concepts and schemas help us improve our memory? Part A Sketch out a plan for an essay to answer the above question. Introduction: - what is the task? - how do I plan to address it? - split into 3 areas - definition of each - evidence of each Mental images: - definition - what they can be used for – examples - studies / evidence Concepts: - definition Read MoreSchemas: Psychology and Social Cognition1582 Words   |  7 PagesSchema Theory 1. Introduction A schema contains both abstract knowledge and speciï ¬ c examples about a particular social object. It ‘provides hypotheses about incoming stimuli, which includes plans for interpreting and gathering schema-related information. Schemas therefore give us some sense of prediction and control of the social world. They guide what we attend to, what we perceive, what we remember and what we infer. All schemas appear to serve similar functions – they all inï ¬â€šuence the encodingRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Knowing921 Words   |  4 PagesJean Piaget was a developmental psychologist and philosopher from Switzerland. He is known for his epistemological studies with children. He was the first to make a systematic study of cognitive development. Piaget was also the Director of the International Bureau of Education. He was â€Å"the great pioneer of the constructivist theory of knowing.† He was known as the second best psychologist after Skinner by the end of the 20th century. Throughout his career, Jean Piaget declared that â€Å"only educationRead MoreThe Role Of Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning981 Words   |  4 PagesBehaviourism Behaviourism is a learning theory founded by American psychologist John B. Watson, which grew to be a dominant strand of psychology in the middle decades of the twentieth century. Watson argued that observing behaviour rather than internal processes gives an insightful and more accurate understanding of learning. Behaviourism is based on the belief that the way in which we learn to behave is a result of the way we are conditioned by our surroundings or the environment in which we interactRead MoreDevelopmental Theory Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment. Thirdly the main weaknesses of the cognitive theory and why, and look at whether any studies/theories support or refute Piaget’s theory and if they are credible to apply to real life. Finally determining whether Piaget’s theory is applicable, and if it’s a strong theory overall. Jean Piaget who was born in Switzerland in 1896 developed the cognitive theory which can be understood as the study of knowledge. This theory can also be described as ‘A comprehensive theory about the nature andRead MoreJean Piaget s Theory Of Cognitive And Affective Development1693 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Theory of Jean Piaget Timothy Carlton Southwest Tennessee Community College A Paper Presented In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For Life Span Psychology 2130-L01 July 31, 2014 â€Æ' â€Æ' Abstract Jean Piaget’s theory of Cognitive and Affective Development is a result of an interdisciplinary approach to understanding mental processes and the behaviors presented by those processes. Piaget’s theory encompasses development through four levels of cognition to formal operations. It furtherRead MoreCognitive psychology  . Essay5542 Words   |  23 PagesCognitive psychology  is the study of  mental processes. The  American Psychological Association  defines cognitive psychology as The study of higher mental processes such as  attention, language use,  memory,  perception, problem solving, and  thinking.[1]  Much of the work derived from cognitive psychology has been integrated into various other modern disciplines of psychological study including  social psychology,  personality psychology,  abnormal psychology,  developmental psychology, and  educational psychology

Comparing Empires (Persia vs Rome) - 2346 Words

Jacob Anderson World Civ I Empires Persia Rome The foundations of an ancient empire are shaped by many characteristics originating in a civilization’s social, philosophical, and theological values. Collectively these will bring about an empire that has aspects which will classify them in distinctive ways. The aspects that will be compared between Persia and Rome are the motives for expansion, methods of expansion, the administration, the impact on those conquered and the original empire, and the reasons for the decline of each empire. When combined, these aspects predispose the individual overall shape of ancient Rome and Persia. Both empires began with conquering larger rulers and creating vast empires which had never been seen†¦show more content†¦Having the satraps lessened the attempt of independence as well as having an administration made up of locals helped keep revolts down. The impact of expansion on the core Persian Empire was generally looked at and received in a positive manner. Increasing popula tions created more cities and more job opportunities allowed many Persians the luxury of making more money as the empire grew. The bulk of the empire was still mostly farmers, however. One of the largest influences on the core empire was Zoroastrianism. This was advocated by both Cyrus and Darius, Darius used it in order to claim divine right to kingship. This new religion spread very quickly through high-ranking Persians (Bentley and Ziegler, 174). Zoroastrianism preached for people to enjoy this life but to live well for the afterlife (Stearns, Zoroastrianism: The Major Persian Religion, 43-45). This allowed people to have fun in this life and still be able to have eternal bliss; when people are having fun and happy they are less likely to challenge their rulers. Cyrus and Darius both tolerated ethnic and theological diversity. They did not try to force Persian culture on the conquered people. It seemed as though the Persians just wanted to have the right to tax and have contr ol of the land and its riches. The Seleucids, Parthians, and Sasanids also advocated this policy. Although this policy worked quite well in allowing for fluid execution of ruling,Show MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 PagesEuropean astronomical tables until the 16th century. It is symptomatic of the Arab influence on the European astrological revival that this Arabic text should enter Europe through Spain, once occupied by the Moors, rather than through the Byzantine Empire, geographically far closer to Harran and Hermopolis. The book was never printed in any language until the present century. An Arabic text was published by Ritter in Berlin in 1933. A German text was published by Ritter and Plessner in London in 1962Read MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pages Training in International Management The Impact of Overall Management Philosophy on Training The Impact of Different Learning Styles on Training and Development Reasons for Training 520 522 523 524 Types of Training Programs Standardized vs. Tailor-Made Cultural Assimilators Positive Organizational Behavior 526 526 529 530 xxvi Table of Contents Future Trends The World of International Management—Revisited Summary of Key Points Key Terms Review and Discussion Questions Internet

Nikita Khrushchev Nikita Free Essays

Khrushchev was a self-made man, even with his unfortunate and harsh upbringing he still managed to make a name for himself. He became one of the most powerful and influential leaders In Russia, simultaneously holding the offices of Premier of the U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Nikita Khrushchev Nikita or any similar topic only for you Order Now S. R. And First Secretary of the Communist Party. Strong willed, and committed, Nikkei Khrushchev fought for what he believed in and striver to make his country, Russia, a better place. Nikolas Khrushchev was born In a southern Russian village of Slovakia on April 5th 1894 . He was born into a poor family as a result he had to help his father take care of the family at the tender age of fifteen . Ata young age he learned how to work hard and fend for himself, which is one of the reason he was such a strong leader, people could relate to him more than the upper and middle class politicians. He was then drafted Into the Czarist army during World War I and soon after willingly Joined the communist party and the Russian Red army stood against the white army , people who favored the Czar Nobility. He got the education he needed as an adult so he could be appointed secretary of the communist party Committee. As he rose to power, he never used it to manipulate or harm his people unlike his successor Joseph Stalin. He believed his only Job, as a leader was to make his people happy and restore the lost honor of Russia. He wanted Russia to be Just as advanced as Its rival country; united States. He launched programs to promote agriculture, heavy Industrial and military production. HIS plan for agriculture had a huge Impact n soviet life, since new tractors and machinery were to be built it created more jobs, which boosted the Russian economy. It also increased the amount of crops produced during harvest; by almost triple the amount of crops . One of his main policies was peaceful coexistence; it assumes a readiness to solve all outstanding issues without resorting to force by means of negotiation and reasonable compromises. For example, he openly did not agree with capitalist but he still believed underlying Issues could be worked out without war. He didn’t believe In forcing his Ideas on people and that people should believe what they wanted to without being penalized, it was almost like a democracy. Although he did many good things for his country, many historians disagree that Nikkei benefited Russia (Soviet Union) at all. In Fact some wonder if events such as the Berlin Scrolls would have happened If someone else ruled the Soviet union. The Berlin Mà ªlà ©es crisis was a huge misunderstanding. All countries were taking precautions. The U. S installed several missiles sites all over Europe and one appended to be in range to strike Moscow, the Capital of the Soviet union. As a precaution the soviets put missiles in Cuba that could strike almost any portion of the U. S . Any leader would have reacted this way but his funding of the missile development at the expense of naval and regular forces had alienated the military. They say he failed to revive soviet agriculture because the steps taken to achieve his peace, he should have known that the capitalists would not succumb to his policies without a little force. In order for his policies to succeed he would need the full or charity support of his people. In contrast I don’t think he failed, the agriculture industry boomed, and the economy skyrocketed because he created more Jobs. He also made his country more technologically advanced than any other ruler could. For example, tractors, missiles etcetera. Even though historians say he cause havoc, I don’t think he should be blamed for the Berlin crisis, soviet-U. S antagonism would largely have remained and the world would still have been trapped in a cold war. How to cite Nikita Khrushchev Nikita, Papers